Data source
Estimates are based on a dataset of approximately 4.5 million visa grant outcomes obtained from the Department of Home Affairs via Freedom of Information request (Reference: DA25/10/00449).Cohort grouping
Data is grouped by visa subclass, stream, country of citizenship, and application location (onshore/offshore) to provide personalised estimates.Percentile calculation
Processing times are presented as percentiles (25th, 50th/median, 75th, 90th) showing what proportion of similar applicants received grant decisions within each timeframe.Similar country estimation
If we don't have enough outcomes for your exact country/subclass cohort, we use a fallback estimate derived from countries with similar processing-time profiles for the same visa type. This is a heuristic and is labelled medium confidence. To treat a cohort as an exact match the sample size needs to be at least 30.Trend adjustment
Historic percentiles are scaled by an adjustment factor comparing the latest month's processing times to the historical baseline, ensuring estimates reflect current conditions. Trend adjustment uses the ratio of recent vs baseline median processing times for the same visa type. Adjustment factors are capped to prevent extreme swings when the latest month is noisy.Timeline interpolation
The 'chance of decision by date' feature estimates the share of similar past granted cases that received a grant decision by each date. We interpolate (using a monotonic spline) between percentile points to show a smooth timeline.Sample size transparency
The number of outcomes used for each estimate is displayed, allowing you to gauge the statistical reliability of the figures.Confidence levels
Estimates are labelled by source: direct match (highest confidence), similar countries (medium), or overall monthly average (lower). This helps you understand how the estimate was derived.